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<title>Concurrent validity</title>

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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Concurrent validity</span></span>

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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p><b>Concurrent validity</b> is a type of evidence that can be gathered to defend the use of a test for predicting other outcomes. It is a parameter used in sociology, psychology, and other <a href="Psychometrics" title="Psychometrics">psychometric</a> or behavioral sciences. Concurrent validity is demonstrated when a test correlates well with a measure that has previously been <a href="Validity_(statistics)" title="Validity (statistics)">validated</a>. The two measures may be for the same construct, but more often used for different, but presumably related, constructs.

</p><p>The two measures in the study are taken at the same time. This is in contrast to <a href="Predictive_validity" title="Predictive validity">predictive validity</a>, where one measure occurs earlier and is meant to predict some later measure.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In both cases, the (concurrent) predictive power of the test is analyzed using a simple <a href="Correlation" title="Correlation">correlation</a> or <a href="Linear_regression" title="Linear regression">linear regression</a>.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Alignment_with_classical_conceptions_of_validity">Alignment with classical conceptions of validity</h2></div>

<p>Concurrent validity and predictive validity are two types of <a href="Criterion_validity" title="Criterion validity">criterion-related validity</a>. The difference between concurrent validity and predictive validity rests solely on the time at which the two measures are administered. Concurrent validity applies to validation studies in which the two measures are administered at approximately the same time. For example, an employment test may be administered to a group of workers and then the test scores can be correlated with the ratings of the workers' supervisors taken on the same day or in the same week. The resulting correlation would be a concurrent validity coefficient. This type of evidence might be used to support the use of the employment test for future selection of employees.

</p><p>Concurrent validity may be used as a practical substitute for predictive validity. In the example above, predictive validity would be the best choice for validating an employment test, because using the employment test on existing employees may not be a strong analog for using the tests for selection. Reduced <a href="Motivation" title="Motivation">motivation</a> and <a href="Restriction_of_range" class="mw-redirect" title="Restriction of range">restriction of range</a> are just two possible biasing effects for concurrent validity studies.<sup id="cite_ref-Sackett_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sackett-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Lane_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lane-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Contrasting_similar_terms">Contrasting similar terms</h2></div>

<p>Concurrent validity differs from <a href="Convergent_validity" title="Convergent validity">convergent validity</a> in that it focuses on the power of the focal test to <i>predict</i> outcomes on another test or some outcome variable. Convergent validity refers to the observation of strong correlations between two tests that are assumed to measure the same construct. It is the interpretation of the focal test as a <i>predictor</i> that differentiates this type of evidence from convergent validity, though both methods rely on simple correlations in the statistical analysis.

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<ul><li><a href="Construct_validity" title="Construct validity">Construct validity</a></li>

<li><a href="Discriminant_validity" title="Discriminant validity">Discriminant validity</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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<li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">McIntire, S.A. and Miller, L.A., Foundations of Psychological Testing,2nd Edition, Sage Publishing Co., 2005.</span>

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</style><cite id="CITEREFSackettLievensBerryLanders2007" class="citation journal cs1">Sackett, P.R.; Lievens, F.; Berry, C.M.; Landers, R.N. (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/6436643_A_cautionary_note_on_the_effects_of_range_restriction_on_predictor_intercorrelations/file/d912f50dd667aa5857.pdf">"A Cautionary Note on the Effects of Range Restriction on Predictor Intercorrelations"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Journal of Applied Psychology</i>. <b>92</b> (2): <span class="nowrap">538–</span>544. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1037%2F0021-9010.92.2.538">10.1037/0021-9010.92.2.538</a>. <a href="PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17371098">17371098</a>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-Lane-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Lane_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFLane" class="citation cs2">Lane, D.M., <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://davidmlane.com/hyperstat/A68809.html"><i>Restriction of Range</i></a></cite></span>

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